We used a recently described DHPLC assay allowing the efficient detection of mutations in TSC1 to analyze the DNA extracted from a chorion villus sample in order to perform a prenatal diagnosis for TSC.
We show that specific amino-acid substitutions close to the N-terminal of TSC1 reduce steady-state levels of TSC1, resulting in the activation of mTOR signalling and leading to the symptoms of TSC.
We report that, the distribution of peripheral CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets, their cytokine-secretion profile, and responsiveness to in vitro stimulation were largely preserved in TSC subjects with monoallelic TSC1 germline mutations when compared to healthy controls.
We provide new information regarding cerebellar lesions in tuberous sclerosis complex: cerebellar lesions are significantly much more frequent in patients with TSC2 mutations than TSC1 mutations or patients with no mutation identified, and Crus II is the most frequent location of cerebellar lesions.
We investigated associations between TSC brain pathology and different inactivating TSC1 and TSC2 variants, and examined the potential prognostic value of subdivision of TSC2 variants based on their predicted effects on TSC2 expression.
We hypothesized that these cellular mechanisms of OPG may be involved in the growth and proliferation of lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) cells, abnormal smooth muscle-like cells with mutations in one of the tuberous sclerosis complex tumor-suppressor genes (TSC1/TSC2) that cause LAM, a multisystem disease characterized by cystic lung destruction, lymphatic infiltration, and abdominal tumors.
We have previously shown that denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) at the recommended melt temperature can detect TSC1 and TSC2 mutations in tuberous sclerosis patients with low-level somatic mosaicism, even when direct sequencing cannot identify the causative lesion.
We found that in addition to the differential expression of the TSC genes in some normal tissues compared with that in the TSC-affected fetus, the cellular localization and distribution of hamartin and tuberin were dramatically different in different tissues.
We examined mutations of both TSC genes in 6 Japanese patients with TSC-LAM and 22 patients with sporadic LAM and identified six unique and novel mutations.
We examined all 41 exons of the TSC2 gene and 21 coding exons of the TSC1 gene for mutations in a group of 14 women with both TSC and LAM using single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis.
We examined 261 TSC DNA samples (209 small-mutation-negative and 52 unscreened) for large deletion/duplication mutations using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) probe sets designed to permit interrogation of all TSC1/2 exons, as well as 15-50 kb of flanking sequence.
We describe a 7-week-old infant with tuberous sclerosis (TSC1 mutation) and hemimegalencephaly who underwent a functional hemispherectomy for status epilepticus.
We conclude that there is a reduced risk of mental retardation in TSC1 as opposed to TSC2 disease and that consequent ascertainment bias, at least in part, explains the relative paucity of TSC1 mutations in sporadic TSC.
We conclude that although TSC1 missense mutations do not play a major role in causation of TSC disease, they represent a significant proportion of somatic loss of function mutations in bladder cancer.
We conclude that alterations in NT4/trkB and NT3/trkC expression may contribute to tuber formation during brain development as downstream effects of the hamartin and tuberin pathway in TSC.
We also compared aspects of our patient's condition with the clinical features of tuberous sclerosis (TSC), which is an autosomal neurocutaneous syndrome caused by mutations in the <i>TSC1/TSC2</i> genes.
Using mouse genetics, we find that at the lowest concentrations of metformin that inhibit hepatic mTORC1 signaling, this inhibition is dependent on AMPK and the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) protein complex (TSC complex).
Two predisposing genes have been found in families affected by TSC; approximately half of the families show linkage to TSC1 at 9q34.3, and the other half show linkage to TSC2 at 16p13.3.
Two of the most unusual phenotypes in TSC are the apparent metastasis of benign cells carrying TSC1 and TSC2 mutations, resulting in pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis, and the ability of cells with TSC1 or TSC2 mutations to differentiate into the separate components of renal angiomyolipomas (vessels, smooth muscle and fat).
Two genes associated with the autosomal dominant, multi-system disorder TSC have recently been cloned: TSC2 (on chromosome 16p13.3) encodes the protein tuberin and TSC1 (on 9q34) encodes hamartin.